For this assignment, I chose to update the Prezi presentation I created earlier in this course. This multimedia learning (MML) object makes use of Cognitive Constructivism and Social Constructivism learning theories. Cognitive Constructivism is addressed by how each slide builds on the knowledge from the previous slide and encourages learners to use prior knowledge to make predictions or hypothesize and promote exploration of the topic (Berkeley Graduate Division, n.d.). By having a class discussion and group work this MML object relates to Social Constructivism because knowledge is created through collaborative learning interactions and the sharing of classroom knowledge (Berkeley Graduate Division, n.d.).
I also used Mayers’s Cognitive Load Theory to update my MML object by taking into account the three types of processing being done in learners’ brains (Davis & Norman, 2016). Extraneous load is “wasted cognitive effort on material or details that don’t support the learning outcomes” (Davis & Norman, 2016). Intrinsic load, which is “cognitive effort required to represent the material in working memory, and germane load which is “effort required of learners to actually understand the material” (Davis & Norman, 2016).
To Minimize Extraneous Load:
The Coherence Principle
- Reduced the information on slides throughout the Prezi lesson
Before (image on the right) there was a bunch of clutter on the screen, now (image on the left) it is easier to take in
The Redundancy Principle
- Removed the question that would be delivered verbally and replaced with prompts
Before (image on the right) there was full sentences on the slide which would be said in a lesson, now (image on the left) there are only keywords
To Manage Intrinsic Load:
The Modality Principle
- Show pictures, no text, while discussing them
Before (image on the right) images would appear with text on the screen, now (image on the left) images are presented with no text
To Optimize Germane Load:
The Multimedia Principle
- Uses images when explaining key points
Now the lesson features images when class is discussing parts of the lunar cycle
The Personalization Principle
- More conscious of language used, resist being to formal
Now text in the lesson is more relaxed and approachable
Here is a video of the updated Prezi so you can see the changes and their effects.
References:
Berkeley Graduate Division. (n.d.). Overview of Learning Theories. https://gsi.berkeley.edu/gsi-guide-contents/learning-theory-research/learning-overview/
Davis, G., & Norman, M. (2016, July 19). Principles of multimedia learning. Wiley Education Services. https://ctl.wiley.com/principles-of-multimedia-learning/